travail是什么意思_travail读音|解释_travail同义词|反义词

英语

发音

英语发音：trə-vālʹ, trăvʹāl', IPA^(帮助)：/tɹəˈveɪl/, /ˈtɹævˌeɪl/
韵部：-eɪl

词源1

Possible appearance of a Tripalium

源自中古英语 travail ← 古法语 travail (“受苦”) ← 通俗拉丁语 *tripalium (“刑具”) ← 拉丁语 tripālis (“有三个桩的”)。

名词

travail（复数 travails 或 travaux）

〈文〉苦劳 [自13世纪]
- 1597, Richard Hooker, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, Book V, §21:
  But as every thing of price, so this doth require travail.
- 1603，Michel de Montaigne，章号20，出自John Florio译，， The Essayes […]，book II，London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821:
  Travell and pleasure, most unlike in nature, are notwithstanding followed together by a kind of I wot not what natural conjunction […].
  （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- 1936, Djuna Barnes, Nightwood, Faber & Faber 2007, p. 38:
  He had thought of making a destiny for himself, through laborious and untiring travail.
- 2005，Tony Judt，“Culture Wars”，出自 Postwar: A history of Europe since 1945，London:Vintage Books，出版年份2010, →ISBN:
  And the British mandarin Left, like their contemporaries in the Foreign Office, had little time for the travails of the small countries between Germany and Russia, whom they had always regarded as something of a nuisance.
  （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
生产，生孩子 [自13世纪]
- 1607–08, William Shakespeare (?), Pericles, Prince of Tyre, Act III, Chorus:
  The lady shrieks and, well-a-near,
  
  Does fall in travail with her fear.
- 1611, King James Version, Genesis 38:27–28:
  And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb. And it came to pass, when she travailed, that the one put out his hand: and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a scarlet thread, saying, This came out first,
〈旧〉〈可数〉劳动 [14-18世纪]
〈旧〉〈天〉食 [17世纪]
travel的旧写法。
travois 的另一种写法

参考资料

John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “travail”, The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd版, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ISBN 978-0-19-861186-8
“travail” in the Online Etymology Dictionary, Douglas Harper, 2001

词源2

源自中古英语 travailen ← 古法语 travaillier，源自词源1的名词。

动词

travail（第三人称单数简单现在时 travails，现在分词 travailing，一般过去时及过去分词 travailed）

劳累
- 1552, Hugh Latimer, "Fourth Sermon on the Lord's Prayer, Preached before Lady Katherine, Duchess of Suffolk":
  [A]ll slothful persons, which will not travail for their livings, do the will of the devil.
- 1611, King James Version, Job 15:20:
  The wicked man travaileth with pain all his days, and the number of years is hidden to the oppressor.
To go through the labor of childbirth.
- 1526, William Tyndale, trans. Bible, John XIV:
  A woman when she traveyleth hath sorowe, be cause her houre is come: but as sone as she is delivered off her chylde she remembreth no moare her anguysshe, for ioye that a man is borne in to the worlde.