tarantula是什么意思_tarantula读音|解释_tarantula同义词|反义词

源自中世纪拉丁语 tarantula ← 古意大利语 tarantola ← 古意大利语 Taranto (“塔兰托”) ← 拉丁语 Tarentum ← 古希腊语 Τάρᾱς (Tárās) (对比现代希腊语 Τάραντας (Tárantas)，意大利语 Tarde (塔兰泰诺方言)),^[1] 可能源自伊利里亚语 *darandos (“栎树”)。

义3 (“欧狼蛛，Lycosa tarantula”) 是本词的本义。^[1]义1 (“捕鸟蛛”)是现在的主要用法，可能源自西班牙语 tarántula (“欧狼蛛”)。

发音

• (标准英音) IPA^(帮助)：/təˈɹænt͡ʃʊlə/

• 音频 (标准英式)

• (通用美式) IPA^(帮助)：/təˈɹænt͡ʃələ/
• 断字：ta‧ran‧tu‧la

名词

tarantula（复数 tarantulas 或 tarantulae）

1. 捕鸟蛛（Theraphosidae）

   近义词： bird spider、monkey spider、rain spider

   • 1857，John Askew， chapter II，出自 A Voyage to Australia & New Zealand, including a Visit to Adelaide, Melbourne, Sydney, Hunter’s River, Newcastle, Maitland, and Auckland; […]，London:Simpkin, Marshall, & Co.; Cockermouth, Cumbria: D. Fidler, […], OCLC 68197220, 页号100:

     Cockroaches, centipedes, tarantulas, scorpions, and mosquitoes are abundant in summer. [...] Tarantulas and scorpions are little noticed by those who have been there any length of time.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • 1873年5月3日，“The Tarantula—an Interesting Native of California”，出自 Friends' Intelligencer，卷号XXX，期号10，Philadelphia, Pa.:John Comly, publishing agent, […]; Merrihew & Son, printers, […]，出版年份1873–1874, OCLC 10359204, 页号156, column 2:

     In the southern portions of the State we have met with specimens of brown tarantula weighing a full Troy ounce, but these were of unusual size. The wood tarantula is the largest of all, occasional specimens weighing an ounce and a half, inhabits dead wood, is very active on a warm day, is found of sunning himself, and is quite courageous, leaping on a large lizard, with a perfect recklessness of consequences. [From the Alta California.]

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • 1910 November，C. L. Edholm，“A Queer Pet”，出自H[enry] H[aven] Windsor编， Popular Mechanics Magazine，卷号14，期号5，Chicago, Ill.:Popular Mechanics Co., ISSN 0032-4558, OCLC 506031407, 页号616, column 2:

     Visitors to Southern Arizona find the privacy of their homes invaded in a delightfully free and easy way by the original settlers of that region, namely the scorpions, centipedes, tarantulas, etc. [...]

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • 2014，Bear Grylls，“Insects (and Other Creepy Crawlies)”，出自 Extreme Food: What to Eat when Your Life Depends on It，London:Bantam Press, →ISBN; republished London:Corgi Books, Transworld Publishers，2015, →ISBN, part 3 (The Whole Hog), 页号216–217:

     The best tarantulas for cooking are the Thai Zebra variety (Haplopelma albostriatum). These are very common in Cambodia, Thailand and Malaysia, where they are a popular fast food (and one that children love to hunt for). You can go to a Cambodian market and buy live, defanged tarantulas by the dozen from huge wicker baskets, ready to take home and cook.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

2. 〈引〉 原蛛亚目（Mygalomorphae）的蜘蛛
   • 1971，Wolfgang Bücherl，“Spiders”，出自Wolfgang Bücherl and Eleanor E[vans] Buckley编， Venomous Animals and Their Venoms，卷号III (Venomous Invertebrates)，New York, N.Y.; London:Academic Press, →ISBN, section IV (Description, Distribution, and Biology of Dangerous Species), 页号225:

     The small funnel-web tarantulas are sedentary but notable for their aggressiveness and the strong action of their venom on human beings. A. robustus and formidabilis have caused human deaths.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • 2009，“Glossary”，出自P. A. Sebastian and K. V. Peter编， Spiders of India，Himayatnagar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh:Universities Press (India), →ISBN, 页号428:

     tergites: dorsal sclerites on the body; the hard plates on the abdomen of the atypical tarantulas that indicate segmentation

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   • 2016年3月29日，Josephine-De-France，“The Vicious”，出自 And Then There Are Bitches，Bloomington, Ind.:AuthorHouse, →ISBN:

     The name "tarantula" is also mistakenly applied to other large-bodied spiders, and the "dwarf tarantulas". Both are classified in different families. Huntsman spiders of the family have also been termed "tarantulas" because of their large size.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

3. 〈旧〉 塔兰图拉（欧狼蛛, Lycosa tarantula） [自16世纪中期]
   • 1624，Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton]，“An Heape of Other Accidents Causing Melancholy. Death of Friends, Losses, &c.”，出自 The Anatomy of Melancholy: […]，2nd edition，Oxford, Oxfordshire:Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, OCLC 54573970, partition 1, section 2, member 4, subsection 7, 页号151:

     Many men catch this malady [i.e., melancholy] by [...] ſtinging with that kind of ſpider called Tarantula; [...] Their ſymptomes are merrily deſcribed by Iovianus Pontanus. Ant. dial. how they daunce alogether, and are cured by Muſick.

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   • 1996，Jonathan Kellerman，章号7，出自 The Web (Alex Delaware; 10)，New York, N.Y.:Bantam Books, →ISBN; republished London:Headline Publishing Group，2008, →ISBN:

     I must confess they're my favorite. So bright. They quickly recognize individuals. And they respond to kindness. All tarantulae do. That's why your little Lycosa made such a good pet, Robin.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

派生词

相关词汇

• tarantella
• tarantism

参考资料

拓展阅读

•   tarantula在英语维基百科上的资料。维基百科 ^en
•   tarantula (disambiguation)在英语维基百科上的资料。维基百科 ^en
• tarantula in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911
• “tarantula” in the Dictionary.com Unabridged, v1.0.1, Lexico Publishing Group, 2006.
• OneLook 在线词典 上有关 tarantula 的释义

波兰语

罗马尼亚语