scribo
拉丁语
词源
源自原始意大利语 *skreiβō，源自原始印欧语 *(s)kreybʰ-。与古希腊语 σκάριφος (skáriphos)等同源。
发音
动词
scrībō（现在时不定式 scrībere，完成时主动式 scrīpsī，目的动名词 scrīptum）; 第三类变位
变位
| scrībō的变位 (第三类变位) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 直陈式 | 单数 | 复数 | |||||
| 第一人称 | 第二人称 | 第三人称 | 第一人称 | 第二人称 | 第三人称 | ||
| 主动 | 现在时 | scrībō | scrībis | scrībit | scrībimus | scrībitis | scrībunt |
| 未完成过去时 | scrībēbam | scrībēbās | scrībēbat | scrībēbāmus | scrībēbātis | scrībēbant | |
| 将来时 | scrībam | scrībēs | scrībet | scrībēmus | scrībētis | scrībent | |
| 完成时 | scrīpsī | scrīpsistī | scrīpsit | scrīpsimus | scrīpsistis | scrīpsērunt, scrīpsēre | |
| 过去完成时 | scrīpseram | scrīpserās | scrīpserat | scrīpserāmus | scrīpserātis | scrīpserant | |
| 将来完成时 | scrīpserō | scrīpseris | scrīpserit | scrīpserimus | scrīpseritis | scrīpserint | |
| 被动 | 现在时 | scrībor | scrīberis, scrībere | scrībitur | scrībimur | scrībiminī | scrībuntur |
| 未完成过去时 | scrībēbar | scrībēbāris, scrībēbāre | scrībēbātur | scrībēbāmur | scrībēbāminī | scrībēbantur | |
| 将来时 | scrībar | scrībēris, scrībēre | scrībētur | scrībēmur | scrībēminī | scrībentur | |
| 完成时 | scrīptus + sum的现在主动直陈形 | ||||||
| 过去完成时 | scrīptus + sum的未完成主动直陈形 | ||||||
| 将来完成时 | scrīptus + sum的将来主动直陈形 | ||||||
| 虚拟式 | 单数 | 复数 | |||||
| 第一人称 | 第二人称 | 第三人称 | 第一人称 | 第二人称 | 第三人称 | ||
| 主动 | 现在时 | scrībam | scrībās | scrībat | scrībāmus | scrībātis | scrībant |
| 未完成过去时 | scrīberem | scrīberēs | scrīberet | scrīberēmus | scrīberētis | scrīberent | |
| 完成时 | scrīpserim | scrīpserīs | scrīpserit | scrīpserīmus | scrīpserītis | scrīpserint | |
| 过去完成时 | scrīpsissem | scrīpsissēs | scrīpsisset | scrīpsissēmus | scrīpsissētis | scrīpsissent | |
| 被动 | 现在时 | scrībar | scrībāris, scrībāre | scrībātur | scrībāmur | scrībāminī | scrībantur |
| 未完成过去时 | scrīberer | scrīberēris, scrīberēre | scrīberētur | scrīberēmur | scrīberēminī | scrīberentur | |
| 完成时 | scrīptus + sum的现在主动虚拟形 | ||||||
| 过去完成时 | scrīptus + sum的未完成主动虚拟形 | ||||||
| 命令式 | 单数 | 复数 | |||||
| 第一人称 | 第二人称 | 第三人称 | 第一人称 | 第二人称 | 第三人称 | ||
| 主动 | 现在时 | — | scrībe | — | — | scrībite | — |
| 将来时 | — | scrībitō | scrībitō | — | scrībitōte | scrībuntō | |
| 被动 | 现在时 | — | scrībere | — | — | scrībiminī | — |
| 将来时 | — | scrībitor | scrībitor | — | — | scrībuntor | |
| 非定形 | 主动 | 被动 | |||||
| 现在时 | 完成时 | 将来时 | 现在时 | 完成时 | 将来时 | ||
| 不定式 | scrībere | scrīpsisse | scrīptūrum esse | scrībī | scrīptum esse | scrīptum īrī | |
| 分词 | scrībēns | — | scrīptūrus | — | scrīptus | scrībendus, scrībundus | |
| 动词性名词 | 动名词 | 目的分词 | |||||
| 属格 | 与格 | 宾格 | 夺格 | 宾格 | 夺格 | ||
| scrībendī | scrībendō | scrībendum | scrībendō | scrīptum | scrīptū | ||
派生词
- āscrībō
- circumscrībō
- cōnscrībō
- contrāscrībō
- dēscrībō
- dīscrībō
- exscrībō
- īnscrībō
- interscrībō
- perscrībō
- postscrībō
- praescrībō
- prōscrībō
- rescrībō
- scrīptus
- subscrībō
- superscrībō
- trānscrībō
相关词汇
- scrība
- scrībātus
- scrīnium
- scrīptilis
- scrīptiō
- scrīptiōnālis
- scrīptitō
- scrīptiuncula
- scrīptor
- scrīptōrium
- scrīptōrius
- scrīptula
- scrīptum
- scrīptūra
- scrīptūriō
- scrīptus
派生语汇
- 东罗曼:
- 科西嘉语： scriva
- 伊斯特拉语： screîvi
- 意大利语： scrivere
- 纳瓦拉-阿拉贡语：
- 阿拉贡语： escribir
- 古法语： escrivre
- 古莱昂语：
- 阿斯图里亚斯语： escribir
- 埃斯特雷马杜拉语： escrevil
- 莱昂语： escribire
- 米兰德斯语： screbir
- 古奥克语： escriure, escreure, escriere, escrieure, escrir, escrire, scrieure, scriure
- 古葡萄牙语： escrever
- 中世纪西班牙语： escrivir
- 拉蒂诺语： eskrivir
- 西班牙语： escribir
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- 弗留利语： scrivi
- 拉登语： scriver
- 罗曼什语： scriver, screiver
- 撒丁语： iscri, iscribere, iscriere, iscriri, iscrivere, scriri
- 西西里语： scrìviri
- 威尼斯语： scrivar
- → 原始凯尔特语：
- 原始布立吞语：
- 布列塔尼语： skrivañ
- 康沃尔语： skrifa
- 威尔士语： ysgrifennu
- 古爱尔兰语： scríbaid
- 爱尔兰语： scríobh
- 曼岛语： screeu
- 苏格兰盖尔语： sgrìobh
- 原始布立吞语：
- → 原始日耳曼语： *skrībaną
参考资料
- scribo in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
- scribo in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- scribo在Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁语-法语详解词典), Hachette中的内容
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to write a history: historiam (-as) scribere
- to write poetry: versus facere, scribere
- to write correctly, in faultless style: emendate scribere
- to write good Latin: latine scribere (Opt. Gen. Or. 2. 4)
- to take to writing, become an author: scribere
- to write a book: librum scribere, conscribere
- to write a letter to some one: epistulam (litteras) dare, scribere, mittere ad aliquem
- to separate, be divorced (used of man or woman): repudium dicere or scribere alicui
- to appoint some one as heir in one's will: aliquem heredem testamento scribere, facere
- to make laws (of a legislator): leges scribere, facere, condere, constituere (not dare)
- a legislator: qui leges scribit (not legum lator)
- to levy troops: milites (exercitum) scribere, conscribere
- to levy recruits to fill up the strength: supplementum cogere, scribere, legere
- （模糊）we read in history: apud rerum scriptores scriptum videmus, scriptum est
- （模糊）I have nothing to write about: non habeo, non est quod scribam
- （模糊）to hold by the letter (of the law): verba ac litteras or scriptum (legis) sequi (opp. sententia the spirit)
- （模糊）we read in Plato: apud Platonem scriptum videmus, scriptum est or simply est
- （模糊）in Plato's 'Phaedo' we read: in Platonis Phaedone scriptum est
- （模糊）full of orthographical errors: mendose scriptum
- （模糊）the law says..: in lege scriptum est, or simply est
- to write a history: historiam (-as) scribere
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0195083458
