英语
词源
发音
名词
clavis（复数 clavises 或 claves）
- 罗马时期的钥匙
- 1873, "Proceedings", April 9th, Journal of the British Archaeological Association, 29: 202
- Iron clavis, the solid web-shaped at the edges to fit the wards in the lock, and having a pointed broach and a kite-formed looped haft.
- 1873, "Proceedings", April 9th, Journal of the British Archaeological Association, 29: 202
- 约束手的器具
- 1904, Luther V. Bell, quoted in The Arena, 32: 540
- His hands were restrained by means of a clavis and bolt (of iron), appropriated to each wrist, and united by a padlock.
- 1904, Luther V. Bell, quoted in The Arena, 32: 540
- 术语表
- 1784, William Cowper, in [1836] Robert Southey (ed.), The Works of William Cowper, with a Life of the Author, volume V, page 54
- Homer, with a clavis, I have had possession of some years.
- 1784, William Cowper, in [1836] Robert Southey (ed.), The Works of William Cowper, with a Life of the Author, volume V, page 54
- 〈生〉 本词语需要翻译为汉语。请协助添加，并移除
{{rfdef}}模板。- 1921, Journal of Botany 59: 180
- There are many disadvantages in using a clavis intended for another country, which necessarily includes plants that are absent from our islands while it omits some that are present and neglects the peculiarities of our island flora.
- 1921, Journal of Botany 59: 180
近义词
- (罗马时期的钥匙)： key
- (约束手的器具)： shackles
- (术语表)： glossary, idioticon, vocabulary
- 〈生〉 conspectus, key
相关词汇
异序词
- Slavic, cavils
加泰罗尼亚语
动词
clavis
- clavar 的第二人称单数现在虚拟式形。
拉丁语
词源
源自原始意大利语 *klāwis。或派生自原始印欧语 *kleh₂u- (“钉子，大头钉，用来锁门的钩子样的器具”)，参见clāvus (“钉子”)（可能借自古希腊语 κλείς (kleís)）。
发音
名词
clāvis f（属格 clāvis）; 第三类变格
- 钥匙
- 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita libri 24:
- Post hanc orationem claves portarum pecuniaeque regiae ante pedes eorum posuit.
- After this discourse he laid the keys of the gates and of the royal treasure at their feet.
- Post hanc orationem claves portarum pecuniaeque regiae ante pedes eorum posuit.
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Iudicum.3.25:
- […] et videntes quod nullus aperiret tulerunt clavem et aperientes invenerunt dominum suum iacentem in terra mortuum
- […] and, behold, he did not open the doors; therefore they took a key and opened [the doors] to enter [but] their lord was lying dead on the ground.
- […] et videntes quod nullus aperiret tulerunt clavem et aperientes invenerunt dominum suum iacentem in terra mortuum
- 旋紧螺丝的杆
- 234 BCE – 149 BCE, Cato the Elder, De Agri Cultura 13:
- […] seriam vinariam unam, clavem torculari I […]
使用注意
勿与clāva (“击棍”)或clāvus (“钉子”)混淆。
变格
第三类变格名词（i-词干，accusative singular in -em or -im，ablative singular in -e or -ī）。
| 格 | 单数 | 复数 |
|---|---|---|
| 主格 | clāvis | clāvēs |
| 属格 | clāvis | clāvium |
| 与格 | clāvī | clāvibus |
| 宾格 | clāvem clāvim |
clāvēs clāvīs |
| 夺格 | clāve clāvī |
clāvibus |
| 呼格 | clāvis | clāvēs |
派生词
- clāvicārius
- clāvichordium
- clāvicula
- clāviger
- clāvis aurea
- conclāve
- sub clāve
相关词汇
派生语汇
- 阿罗马尼亚语： cljai, cljae
- 阿斯图里亚斯语： llave
- 达尔马提亚语： cluf
- 法兰克-普罗旺斯语： cllâf, clâ
- 古法语： clef
- 弗留利语： clâf, clâv
- 加利西亚语： chave
- 伊斯特拉语： ciave
- 意大利语： chiave
- 拉登语： chiëf
- 古奥克语： clau
参见
参考资料
- clavis in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
- clavis in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- clavis在Charles du Fresne du Cange的Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- clavis在Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁语-法语详解词典), Hachette中的内容
- clavis in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Template:R:Smith's Antiquities
